HUBZones

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Understanding HubZones

HUBZones, which stands for Historically Underutilized Business Zones, are areas designated by the government that have struggled economically. These zones are identified because they typically have higher unemployment and lower business activity compared to other regions. The HUBZone program, managed by the Small Business Administration (SBA), aims to change that by encouraging economic growth and job creation.

By becoming HUBZone certified, small businesses can gain special access to government contracts. This doesn’t just mean direct contracts, but also preferences in bidding, where they have a competitive edge over businesses not in these zones. For example, if a HUBZone certified business and another company bid the same amount for a contract, the HUBZone business is more likely to win due to these preferences.

The goal of the program is simple: boost business in underdeveloped areas to help the local economy thrive. This not only helps the businesses grow by securing more contracts but also creates more jobs for people living in these areas. It’s a way to ensure that economic benefits reach communities that need them most, fostering fairer economic development across different regions.

The Importance of HUBZones for Business and Community

HUBZones play a crucial role in supporting small businesses, opening doors to federal contracting opportunities, and driving community development. Here’s why these zones are so important:

Support for Small Businesses: HUBZones are specifically designed to help small businesses grow. By being certified as a HUBZone business, these companies can access special government contracts that are not available to other businesses. This can be a game-changer for small businesses looking to expand and succeed.

Federal Contracting Opportunities: The federal government aims to award at least 3% of all federal contracting dollars to HUBZone-certified businesses each year. This creates a huge opportunity for these businesses to gain lucrative contracts that can significantly boost their revenues. These contracts range from supplying goods to providing services that the government needs.

Boosting Community Development: When small businesses in HUBZones flourish, they create more jobs and contribute to the local economy. This economic boost is vital for communities that have faced long-term neglect or underinvestment. As businesses grow and hire more people, the overall quality of life in these areas can improve, leading to safer, more vibrant communities.

By fostering growth in these three areas, HUBZones help ensure that economic prosperity is shared more equally across different regions. They not only assist businesses in gaining a foothold in the competitive world of federal contracting but also catalyze improvements in their local communities.

Alexandria's Commitment to HUBZones and Economic Growth

Alexandria, Louisiana, recognizes the powerful impact that HUBZones can have on local economic development. The city is committed to maximizing the benefits of the HUBZone program to stimulate growth and revitalize underdeveloped areas. Here’s how Alexandria is actively leveraging HUBZones:

Promoting Business Participation: Alexandria encourages local businesses to apply for HUBZone certification by offering resources and support through various economic development programs. This initiative helps more businesses qualify for valuable government contracts.
Facilitating Access to Opportunities: The city collaborates with the Small Business Administration (SBA) and other federal agencies to ensure that local businesses are aware of and can compete for federal contracting opportunities. These efforts are aimed at keeping the economic benefits within the community.
Investing in Community Infrastructure: By improving infrastructure in HUBZones, Alexandria makes these areas more attractive for business investments and residential development. Enhanced roads, better utilities, and improved public services make these zones ideal locations for new and expanding businesses.
Supporting Workforce Development: Alexandria also focuses on workforce development programs that equip residents with the skills needed to work in HUBZone-certified businesses. This not only helps businesses meet the requirement of having 35% of their employees residing in a HUBZone but also boosts local employment rates.

Through these strategic actions, Alexandria is not just supporting the HUBZone program but is also ensuring that the benefits ripple throughout the community, enhancing economic stability and quality of life for all residents.

Exploring Contracting Opportunities in HUBZones

HUBZone certification opens up a range of contracting opportunities for small businesses. Here’s a breakdown of the types of opportunities that become accessible:

Competitive Contracting: HUBZone-certified businesses can compete for federal contracts that are specifically set aside for HUBZones. In these competitions, only businesses that are HUBZone certified are allowed to bid, which significantly reduces the competition. This makes it easier for small businesses to win contracts, helping them grow and establish a solid financial base.
Sole Source Contracting: Sometimes, federal agencies can award contracts directly to a HUBZone-certified business without a competitive bidding process. This is known as sole source contracting and is allowed under certain conditions, such as when the contract value is below a certain threshold and the agency believes only one business can fulfill the requirements. This exclusive access is a significant advantage for certified businesses, allowing them to negotiate directly with the government.
10% Price Evaluation Preference: In open contract competitions that are not exclusively set aside for HUBZones, certified businesses still get a competitive edge. They receive a 10% price evaluation preference, which means their bid is considered lower than its actual amount by 10%, making them more competitive against non-HUBZone firms. This can be crucial in winning contracts where the lowest bid often takes the prize.

These contracting opportunities are central to the HUBZone program’s goal of promoting economic growth in historically underutilized areas by helping local businesses succeed in the federal marketplace.

Understanding the 10% Price Evaluation Preference

One of the significant advantages for HUBZone-certified businesses is the 10% price evaluation preference in full and open contract competitions. This preference can greatly enhance a business’s ability to compete with larger companies. Here’s how it works:

Price Reduction Effect: When HUBZone-certified businesses submit a bid for a contract, their bid price is effectively reduced by 10% for evaluation purposes. For example, if a HUBZone business submits a bid of $100,000, for the purpose of evaluating the bid against competitors, the government considers it as $90,000.
Competitive Edge: This adjusted bid evaluation means that HUBZone businesses can be more competitive in contract competitions that are open to all businesses, not just those in disadvantaged categories. It helps level the playing field, giving smaller, community-based businesses a better chance to win against bigger, possibly multinational corporations.
Goal of the Preference: The primary aim of this preference is to encourage federal agencies to support economic development in underutilized areas by contracting with businesses that operate there. It not only helps keep more federal dollars within these communities but also supports job creation and business growth in areas that need it most.

This preference is a critical tool for helping HUBZone businesses thrive, promoting fair competition, and ensuring that economic benefits are distributed more evenly across different regions.

Federal Commitment to HUBZone Businesses

The federal government has set an ambitious goal to award at least 3% of all federal prime contracting dollars to HUBZone-certified small businesses each year. This goal reflects a strong commitment to promoting economic growth in underutilized areas. Here’s what this means for local businesses:

Significant Revenue Opportunities: By earmarking 3% of prime contract dollars for HUBZone businesses, the government is opening up a substantial pool of money that can potentially be tapped into by these businesses. For local businesses, this means greater opportunities to secure large contracts that can significantly increase their revenue and growth potential.
Economic Stimulus: The injection of federal contracting dollars into HUBZone areas can serve as a catalyst for broader economic development. These contracts not only boost the businesses that win them but also have a ripple effect throughout the community, creating jobs and increasing demand for local services and products.
Encouraging Local Participation: This federal goal encourages more businesses to seek HUBZone certification and participate in the program. Knowing that a certain percentage of contracts are set aside specifically for HUBZone-certified businesses can motivate local businesses to meet the certification criteria and benefit from these opportunities.
Long-term Impact: Over time, consistent government spending in these zones helps to stabilize and strengthen economically distressed communities, reducing unemployment and improving the overall quality of life for residents.

This commitment underscores the government’s dedication to leveraging federal procurement to foster economic equity and growth in areas that need it most, providing a substantial benefit to local businesses and their communities.

Criteria for HUBZone Certification

To become a HUBZone-certified business, several specific criteria must be met. This certification is crucial for accessing the unique opportunities provided by the HUBZone program. Here are the main requirements:

Business Location: The principal office of the business must be located in a designated HUBZone. A principal office is where the majority of the business’s employees work. This criterion ensures that the benefits of the program directly impact the designated underutilized areas.
Ownership: The business must be at least 51% owned and controlled by U.S. citizens. This ownership requirement ensures that the economic benefits of the government contracts help support local, citizen-owned businesses.
Employee Residency: At least 35% of the business’s employees must live in a HUBZone. This requirement helps ensure that the economic benefits of the HUBZone program extend to residents of these areas, helping to reduce unemployment and stimulate local economic activity.
Size Standards: The business must qualify as a small business based on the standards set by the Small Business Administration (SBA). These standards vary by industry and are typically based on the number of employees or the amount of annual receipts. The size standard ensures that the program supports businesses that genuinely need assistance and can grow with these opportunities.
Compliance Over Contracts: When performing a HUBZone contract, at least 35% of the business’s employees engaged in that contract must reside within a HUBZone. This requirement maintains the integrity of the program’s intent during the lifecycle of the contract.

These criteria are designed to ensure that the benefits of the HUBZone program are targeted to areas and communities that need economic stimulation the most, making sure that small businesses contribute positively to their local economies.

The Importance of 35% Employee Residency in HUBZones

A key requirement for maintaining HUBZone certification is that at least 35% of a business’s employees must live within a HUBZone. This criterion is crucial for several reasons:

Direct Community Impact: By requiring that a significant portion of employees reside within a HUBZone, the program ensures that the economic benefits of federal contracts directly boost the local economy. This leads to job creation and income generation within the community, which can help reduce local poverty and unemployment rates.
Sustained Economic Growth: Keeping employment within the community encourages a cycle of economic growth. As more people find employment, there is an increase in local spending, which can lead to further job creation and business opportunities, amplifying the positive impacts of the program.
Business Commitment to Local Development: This requirement also signifies a business’s commitment to the community. It demonstrates that the business is not only invested in its own growth but also in the development of the area where it operates. This can strengthen community-business ties and promote a positive corporate image.
Ensuring Compliance and Continuity: For businesses, consistently meeting this requirement is essential not only to retain HUBZone certification but also to ensure they can continue to benefit from the associated opportunities. It necessitates ongoing engagement and investment in the local workforce, fostering long-term relationships and stability.

This 35% employee residency requirement is more than just a number; it’s a mechanism to ensure that the HUBZone program creates tangible improvements in the communities it is designed to help. It encourages businesses to be active participants in their communities’ growth and prosperity.

How to Apply for and Maintain HUBZone Certification

Applying for and maintaining HUBZone certification can open many doors for small businesses. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to navigate the process:

Step 1: Verify Eligibility: Before applying, businesses need to ensure they meet all the HUBZone criteria, including location, ownership, size, and employee residency. The Small Business Administration (SBA) website offers tools and resources to help businesses determine if they qualify.
Step 2: Gather Necessary Documentation: To apply, businesses must gather various documents that prove they meet the HUBZone requirements. This includes legal documents for ownership, payroll records for employee residency verification, and documentation of the business’s principal office location within a HUBZone.
Step 3: Complete the Application Process: The application for HUBZone certification is completed through the SBA’s online portal. The process involves filling out the application form and submitting all required documentation. It’s crucial to ensure all information is accurate to avoid delays.
Step 4: Maintain Your Certification: Once certified, businesses must actively maintain their eligibility. This includes annually certifying compliance with HUBZone requirements and reporting any significant changes to the business that might affect its HUBZone status, such as changes in employee residency or company size.
Step 5: Seek Re-certification When Required: The SBA requires businesses to undergo a formal re-certification every three years to confirm they still meet the HUBZone criteria. This process is similar to the initial application and ensures that businesses continue to contribute positively to their local HUBZone communities.

Maintaining Compliance: It is vital for businesses to continuously monitor their compliance with HUBZone requirements, especially the 35% employee residency rule. Businesses should keep detailed records and stay informed about any changes to HUBZone regulations that might affect their certification.

By following these steps, businesses can successfully navigate the HUBZone certification process and take full advantage of the benefits it offers. This not only helps the business grow but also plays a crucial role in bolstering the local economy.

Identifying HUBZones in Alexandria, LA

Alexandria has designated several areas as HUBZones to foster local economic development. These areas are recognized for their potential to benefit from increased business activity and federal investment. Here are the specific HUBZones within Alexandria:

Census Tract 139: This area covers a significant portion of central Alexandria. It is notable for its diverse residential and commercial properties and is actively seeking economic rejuvenation through the HUBZone program.
Downtown Alexandria: The heart of the city, downtown Alexandria is a key area that qualifies as a HUBZone. It includes commercial districts that are essential for the city’s economic expansion and development.
North Alexandria Industrial Area: This region includes parts of the industrial zones that are critical for the city’s manufacturing and production sectors. The inclusion of this area in the HUBZone program supports growth and job creation in vital industries.

Each of these areas provides unique opportunities for businesses to grow and thrive while contributing to the economic revitalization of Alexandria. Businesses located in these HUBZones can access special federal contracting opportunities, which can help them expand and hire more local residents.

Resources for HUBZone Maps and Eligibility Verification

To explore detailed maps of HUBZones and check the eligibility of specific locations or businesses, the Small Business Administration (SBA) provides several online resources. These tools are designed to help businesses and individuals easily navigate the information related to HUBZone areas and requirements:

SBA HUBZone Maps: For a visual representation of all designated HUBZone areas, including those in Alexandria, the SBA offers an interactive map. This tool is invaluable for businesses trying to determine if their location qualifies as a HUBZone.
- Access SBA HUBZone Maps
HUBZone Eligibility Checker: The SBA also provides an online tool to help businesses quickly check their eligibility for HUBZone certification. This tool guides users through a series of questions about their business location, ownership, and employee residency to determine if they meet the HUBZone criteria.
- Check Your HUBZone Eligibility

These resources are essential for any business interested in becoming HUBZone certified and for anyone wanting to learn more about the areas designated for economic support. By utilizing these tools, businesses can more effectively plan their strategies for qualifying and applying for HUBZone status.

How the SBA Manages the HUBZone Program

The Small Business Administration (SBA) plays a crucial role in administering the Historically Underutilized Business Zones (HUBZone) program. Here’s an overview of how the SBA manages this important initiative to support economic development in underserved areas:

Certification Process: The SBA is responsible for certifying businesses as eligible for the HUBZone program. This involves a detailed application process where businesses must prove they meet all the necessary criteria, such as having their principal office in a HUBZone and employing a workforce where at least 35% of employees live within a HUBZone.
Maintaining a Directory: Once businesses are certified, the SBA maintains a listing of all HUBZone-certified businesses. This directory is used by federal agencies and contractors to find eligible businesses for their contracting needs. It ensures that these businesses have access to contract opportunities set aside specifically for HUBZones.
Monitoring Compliance: The SBA also monitors certified businesses to ensure they continue to meet HUBZone criteria after certification. Businesses must annually attest to their compliance, and the SBA conducts random audits to verify the information provided. This helps maintain the integrity of the program.
Adjudicating Protests: If there are any challenges or disputes regarding a business’s HUBZone status, the SBA adjudicates these protests. This ensures that only qualified businesses benefit from the program’s opportunities.
Reporting and Analysis: The SBA reports to Congress on the effectiveness of the HUBZone program, analyzing its impact on job creation and investment in designated areas. This feedback helps refine and improve the program.

By managing these aspects of the HUBZone program, the SBA ensures that the initiative achieves its goal of stimulating economic growth and job creation in historically underutilized business zones.

The SBA’s Role in the HUBZone Program

The Small Business Administration (SBA) is instrumental in ensuring the effective operation of the HUBZone program. Here are the key responsibilities of the SBA in this program:

Determining Eligibility: The first step in the HUBZone program is determining whether a business qualifies for the status. The SBA reviews applications to verify that businesses meet all the criteria, such as being located in a HUBZone, being owned and controlled by U.S. citizens, and having at least 35% of their employees living in a HUBZone. This process helps ensure that the benefits of the program are directed to the right businesses and areas.
Maintaining a Listing of Qualified Businesses: Once businesses are certified as meeting HUBZone criteria, the SBA includes them in an official list of HUBZone-certified businesses. This list is crucial for federal agencies and contractors who are looking to fulfill their goals of contracting a certain percentage of their work to HUBZone businesses. The list is publicly accessible, making it easy for these agencies and contractors to find and engage with qualified businesses.
Adjudicating Protests: The SBA also plays a role in resolving disputes related to the HUBZone program. If there are challenges to a business’s HUBZone status—perhaps questioning the accuracy of the information provided or the business’s compliance with program requirements—the SBA investigates these protests. The agency ensures that the rules are fairly applied and that only eligible businesses benefit from the program’s opportunities.

These functions of the SBA are fundamental to the administration and integrity of the HUBZone program. They help maintain a level playing field, ensure compliance with the program’s regulations, and ultimately contribute to the program’s goal of fostering economic development in underutilized areas.

SBA Reporting to Congress on HUBZone Program Impact

The Small Business Administration (SBA) not only manages the HUBZone program but also plays a critical role in evaluating and reporting its effectiveness. Here’s how the SBA reports to Congress on the program’s impact:

Annual Reports: Each year, the SBA prepares a comprehensive report that it submits to Congress. This report details the performance of the HUBZone program, including statistics on the number of businesses certified, the total value of contracts awarded to HUBZone companies, and the program’s overall contribution to economic growth in underutilized areas.
Impact Analysis: The report includes an analysis of how the HUBZone program has influenced job creation and investment in designated areas. The SBA assesses whether the program is meeting its goals of fostering economic development and supporting small businesses in disadvantaged regions.
Program Improvements: Based on the findings from the annual report, the SBA may recommend changes to enhance the program’s effectiveness. These recommendations are aimed at improving the administration of the program, ensuring fair access to government contracts for HUBZone businesses, and increasing the economic impact in HUBZone areas.
Transparency and Accountability: By reporting to Congress, the SBA ensures transparency in how the HUBZone program is managed and held accountable for its outcomes. This oversight is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the program and making sure that it continues to achieve its intended goals.

These reports to Congress are vital for providing lawmakers with the information they need to make informed decisions about the future of the HUBZone program. They help ensure that the program remains responsive to the needs of small businesses and continues to effectively support economic development in historically underutilized areas.

Investment Opportunities in HUBZones

HUBZones offer a variety of sectors and projects ripe for investment, each presenting unique opportunities for economic growth and community development. Here are some key areas where investment can make a significant impact:

Real Estate Development: HUBZones are often areas with untapped potential in real estate. Investors can engage in projects that revitalize old buildings, develop residential complexes, or create commercial spaces. These projects not only improve the local infrastructure but also attract new businesses and residents, boosting the local economy.
Infrastructure Projects: Investment in infrastructure such as roads, bridges, public transport systems, and utilities is crucial in HUBZones. These projects enhance the quality of life for residents and make these areas more attractive for further investments and business ventures.
Small Business Initiatives: Small businesses are the backbone of local economies. Investing in small business initiatives such as startups or expanding existing businesses in HUBZones can drive innovation and job creation. Support can come in the form of financial investments, providing resources for business development, or offering mentorship programs to help these businesses thrive.
Technology and Innovation: Technology hubs and incubators in HUBZones can foster innovation and attract tech-savvy entrepreneurs. Investing in such sectors can lead to the development of new products and services, positioning the HUBZone as a competitive player in the technology market.
Green Energy Projects: With increasing focus on sustainability, investing in green energy projects such as solar farms, wind energy, or sustainable building projects in HUBZones can not only help the environment but also create new industries and jobs in these areas.

These investment opportunities not only provide financial returns but also contribute to significant social impact by revitalizing economically distressed areas and providing employment opportunities to local residents.

Opportunities for Growth in HUBZones

For businesses looking to expand, HUBZones present a valuable opportunity. Here’s why professionals and businesses should consider these areas for growth and development:

Access New Markets: HUBZones are often overlooked areas that offer fresh markets for businesses to tap into. This can be a strategic move for businesses aiming to extend their reach and influence in less competitive, yet potentially lucrative, markets.
Financial Benefits: The government offers significant incentives for businesses operating in HUBZones, such as tax breaks and exclusive access to certain government contracts. These incentives can reduce costs and boost profitability, making investment in these areas more appealing.
Strengthen Community Ties: By setting up operations in a HUBZone, businesses can play a crucial role in revitalizing these communities. This not only helps the local economy but also builds a positive business reputation, enhancing relationships with local customers and stakeholders.
Workforce Development: Investing in local talent can be rewarding. Businesses in HUBZones are encouraged to hire from the local population, which can help foster a committed and loyal workforce while contributing to the community’s economic uplift.
Enhance Corporate Responsibility: For businesses focused on corporate social responsibility, investing in a HUBZone aligns with ethical business practices that prioritize community development and economic equity.

Navigating HUBZone Compliance and Reporting

For businesses involved in the HUBZone program, understanding and adhering to specific regulatory requirements is crucial. Here are some common questions and answers that help clarify the compliance and reporting processes:

What does compliance mean for a HUBZone business?

Compliance means following all the rules set by the Small Business Administration (SBA) for HUBZone businesses. This includes maintaining a principal office in a HUBZone, ensuring that at least 35% of employees live in a HUBZone, and meeting the small business size standards.

How often must businesses report their compliance?

HUBZone businesses must annually certify their compliance with the SBA. This involves submitting documents that prove they still meet all the HUBZone requirements, such as employee residency and business location.

What happens if a business fails to comply?

If a business no longer meets the HUBZone criteria, it may lose its certification. This means it would no longer qualify for the contracting advantages provided by the HUBZone program. Additionally, failure to comply can lead to penalties if a business knowingly provides false information to the SBA.

How can businesses navigate the regulatory landscape?

Navigating the regulatory landscape involves staying informed about the latest HUBZone criteria and changes in legislation. Businesses can do this by regularly visiting the SBA website, attending SBA-sponsored training sessions, and consulting with legal experts who specialize in government contracting.

Where can businesses find help with compliance?

The SBA offers various resources to assist HUBZone businesses, including a comprehensive HUBZone guide, online training courses, and access to local SBA offices for in-person support. Consulting with a professional who understands government contracting can also be beneficial.

Helpful Resources for Understanding HUBZone Regulations

Navigating the HUBZone program can be complex, but there are several resources available to provide guidance and support. Here’s where businesses and interested individuals can find detailed information and assistance:

Small Business Administration (SBA) HUBZone Program Main Page: This page is the hub for all things HUBZone, including detailed program guidelines, application processes, and compliance information.
SBA HUBZone FAQ: This frequently asked questions page offers answers to common queries about the HUBZone program, helping businesses and individuals understand the key aspects and requirements.
SBA Learning Center: The SBA provides a range of online courses and webinars that can help businesses understand how to navigate the HUBZone certification process and maintain compliance.
SBA Local Offices: For personalized support, the SBA operates local offices across the United States. These offices can provide direct assistance and advice tailored to specific business needs.
SBA Compliance Guide: This guide offers comprehensive information on how to stay compliant with HUBZone requirements and avoid common pitfalls.

By utilizing these resources, businesses can gain a better understanding of the HUBZone program and ensure they are well-prepared to apply for and maintain their HUBZone certification.

Discover the Benefits of HUBZone Certification

If you’re interested in business or community development, learning more about HUBZone certification is a great opportunity. HUBZone certification offers numerous benefits that can help businesses grow while making a positive impact on their local communities. Here’s why you should dive deeper into understanding this valuable program:

Access to Government Contracts: One of the biggest advantages of HUBZone certification is the preferential access to federal procurement opportunities. Businesses can compete for set-aside contracts that are only available to HUBZone-certified companies, opening up a significant stream of potential revenue.
Competitive Edge: Besides set-aside contracts, HUBZone businesses receive a 10% price evaluation preference in competitive bidding. This means their bids are effectively reduced by 10% in the eyes of the government, making them more likely to win contracts over non-HUBZone competitors.
Economic Impact: By locating in and hiring from HUBZones, businesses contribute directly to revitalizing economically distressed areas. This can lead to improved local economies and the creation of jobs, which supports community growth and development.
Networking and Support: The Small Business Administration provides specialized support to HUBZone businesses, including training, counseling, and assistance in navigating the federal contracting space.

Whether you’re a budding entrepreneur, a business student, or simply curious about economic development, exploring the HUBZone program is a step toward understanding how businesses can grow and positively influence their communities.

Take Action: Start Your HUBZone Certification Journey

Ready to leverage the benefits of HUBZone certification for your business or future enterprise? Here’s how you can take proactive steps toward certification and engage with experts who can guide you through the process:

Begin the Certification Process: Start by visiting the Small Business Administration’s (SBA) HUBZone program page. It provides all the necessary details and resources to help you understand the certification requirements and the application process.
- Visit the SBA HUBZone Program Page to get started.
Attend Workshops and Seminars: Look for workshops, webinars, and seminars offered by the SBA or local business development centers. These events are great opportunities to learn more about the HUBZone program, ask questions, and receive guidance directly from experts.
- Check out upcoming events at your local SBA office or business center here.
Connect with HUBZone Experts: Reach out to local HUBZone experts or consultants who specialize in federal contracting. These professionals can offer personalized advice and help streamline your certification process.
- Find a list of HUBZone experts and resources here.
Engage with Local Business Communities: Join local business groups or online forums where you can connect with other HUBZone-certified businesses. Networking with these communities can provide insights and practical tips from those who have successfully navigated the process.
- Start networking with local business leaders and entrepreneurs to gain firsthand knowledge and support.

Don’t wait to explore the possibilities that HUBZone certification can offer your business. By taking these steps, you can begin to unlock potential opportunities for growth and development. For more detailed information and further inquiries about HUBZones in Alexandria, visit the Grow with Alexandria Contact Page.